Cash Flows Yahoo and Google Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Incomes Yahoo and Google - Essay Example Over the time of three years, Google has added to the capital use for future extension Besides Google is by all accounts dynamic in dealing with its transient speculation and produce critical incomes. The most noteworthy pointers of the wellsprings of financing exercises being produced are the issuance of capital stock by the Google over the timeframe. Aside from that Google has been depending on outside financing to produce its incomes from contributing exercises. All in all it tends to be securely expected that Google has had the option to create exceptionally solid working incomes which is in actuality one of the perfect markers for the financial specialists with respect to as the income producing capacity of the organization is worried in long haul premise. The significant giver towards creating positive working incomes are non-money things extraordinarily devaluation and amortization. Income from Operations has demonstrated decrease in 2006 because of the decrease in overall gain. Income from contributing exercises is negative too in view of the substantial capital use being made over the time of three years. Incomes from financing have been negative too due to the way that Yahoo has reviewed a portion of its stocks from the market for example repurchased its stock from the open market to decrease the outside

How to Write a College Essay About Yourself

How to Write a College Essay About YourselfThe topics of college essays are endless and it is up to the writer to find the most appropriate topic for him or herself. It can be something as simple as a favorite topic to an important topic such as your life story or your reasons for going to college. There are a lot of reasons to write a college essay about yourself.Remember that to write a college essay about yourself, you should first decide on what you want to talk about in your essay and then research and analyze the best ways to select the right college essay topic. Before you start writing, make sure that you know exactly what you want to say and where you want to go with it.Once you have decided on the main points, you will need to think about who your audience is and what you want them to gain from the essay. Be as specific as possible so that you do not stray off the intended topic.The next step is to read a lot of college essays. Make sure that you consider all the different topics, such as points and trends in the field, grammar rules, the authors' and editors' backgrounds, etc. Reading over the best ones you have found can be beneficial to you as you move forward in your writing journey.You may also want to think about writing college essays about yourself if you are unable to come up with a topic for your own essay. There are so many of these types of essays available these days that it would not be hard to come up with one. Just make sure that it is written correctly and well and make sure that you put the most sincere and accurate thoughts in your essay.Writing an essay about yourself requires taking time to read through the same thoughts and ideas from different people. Youmust evaluate the level of the college student you are trying to write about and how genuine they are in their essays. If you are able to do this, then you can expect an easy way to write a college essay about yourself.Your first step is to compose your very own essay based on t he topic you have chosen and select one or two examples that you want to include in your essay. The examples should also be well written and highly meaningful for your audience.Your examples should be complete with captions and properly cited sources in order to increase the credibility of your essay. A perfect example is something like: 'This story of mine is about my love affair with my teacher Miss Manners'. This is a great example that can be found online and also with good number of citations.

Abolition (872 words) Essay Example For Students

Abrogation (872 words) Essay AbolitionA Stronger ResistanceThe abolitionist development in the United States tried to annihilate subjugation utilizing a wide scope of strategies and associations. The abolitionist development assembled numerous African Americans and a few whites who looked to end the establishment of bondage. Albeit both high contrast abolitionists frequently cooperated, the connection between them was mind boggling. The battle for dark abolitionists was significantly more close to home since they needed to end bondage and furthermore needed to increase equivalent rights for blacks. Notwithstanding, many white abolitionists just tried to end servitude and didn't battle for correspondence for blacks. From these exceedingly differentiating viewpoints and the continuation of subjugation, the estimation of numerous abolitionists turned out to be progressively aggressor and radical; a few abolitionists started to utilize increasingly brutal strategies for protection from annul servitude. Before the 1830s most abolitionist activists focused on progressive liberation. These sentiments were communicated chiefly by Southern whites, some having a dread of free blacks not being prepared for opportunity and others holding convictions that subjection would steadily vanish (Notes, 10/18/00). By and large, just dark abolitionists requested a prompt end to subjection. This distinction in feeling added to certain blacks taking increasingly fierce measures to pick up opportunity and equity. Further adding to the more forceful strategies were the objectives of the white abolitionists. Many white abolitionists couldn't acknowledge blacks as their equivalents and didn't battle for dark uniformity, which prompted expanded strain among blacks and whites. Progressively activist strategies, for example, uprising and revolts, were picking up help in the nineteenth century. Nat Turner was a dark abolitionist that bolstered the utilization of forceful and compelling strategies. In 1831, in Virginia, he drove a revolt and in excess of 55 white individuals were executed. It was bleeding and vicious and maddened numerous whites from its severity (Nash, 275). However, numerous blacks felt that the main thing that would get a reaction was an uprising and taking extreme measures. In Christiana, Pennsylvania, the Fugitive Slave Laws were passed. These laws expressed that whites could recover their runaway slaves. Blacks were shocked by the death of these laws and revolted in light of this (Roots of Resistance). This showed how blacks would respond in habits that were increasingly powerful and these strategies were utilized by various different abolitionists, in any case, many despite everything utilized various ways to deal with engaging subjuga tion. Numerous abolitionists utilized composition to end servitude. In 1827, the principal dark paper, Freedoms Journal, was made by Samuel Cornish and John Russwurm (Notes, 11/29/00). This paper spread thoughts of opportunity and balance and offered would like to the dark perusers. David Walker, the child of a free dark mother and a slave father, drove the abolitionist development into militancy in 1829 when he distributed David Walkers Appeal. His work roused blacks to arrange and encouraged captives to ascend against their lords and take their opportunity forcibly (Notes, 11/27/00). Indeed, even with pressures intense, a few abolitionists despite everything upheld a peaceful methodology. William Lloyd Garrison, a white abolitionist, distributed The Liberator in 1831 in Boston. This was an extreme abolitionist servitude paper that was fruitful from the colossal dark help. Battalion supported a peaceful methodology that pushed the quick liberation of slaves and equity for all black s (Notes, 11/27/00). Alongside papers, a few associations were made in light of the shameful acts. Army assisted with framing the American Anti-Slavery Society alongside Arthur and Lewis Tappan. This association needed a quick end to subjection and equity for all blacks in American culture. It disseminated more than one million handouts managing abolitionist subjugation and had the option to arrange men, ladies and kids. The general public developed and by 1840, it had 200,000 individuals (Notes, 11/27/00). Most blacks stayed faithful to Garrison, in spite of the fact that during the 1840s numerous blacks turned out to be increasingly free. They were increasingly disparaging of white abolitionist and their bigotry and bias. Blacks perceived that many white abolitionists were against bondage however not for equivalent rights since they despite everything had supremacist sees. During the 1840s, another gathering of dark pioneers rises, the extreme criminal slaves (Notes, 11/29/00). Th ese criminal slaves started addressing and recounting to their accounts. Frederick Douglass, an expressive ex-slave from Maryland, criticized thoughts of fierce uprisings. He distributed a few books, Narrative and My Bondage and My Freedom, which shared his story and his perspectives on the significance of uniformity for blacks. The sharing of stories was regular among these new dark pioneers. By sharing a story, it allowed the audience members to identify with events in their lives (Notes, 11/27/00). These pioneers would tell crowds their encounters while in subjugation and how they picked up their opportunity. Their accounts were utilized to give expectation and motivation to other people. Through their encounters, they demonstrated the indecencies of servitude. The battle for liberation and correspondence was incredibly troublesome. All abolitionists needed a conclusion to subjection, yet frequently just blacks needed fairness in the public arena. The various objectives prompted various techniques for getting these objectives. A few strategies for dark abolitionists turned out to be significantly more radical and brutal to end bondage. This was an immediate response to the bigotry of many white abolitionists. Indeed, even with various strategies, the result of the exertion was opportunity for the slaves and possible balance for blacks. American History Essays

Finding The Right History Papers Writing Service

Finding The Right History Papers Writing ServiceTaking up any kind of academic project is a big task, but finding the right kind of history papers writing service is a great way to start. It is possible to find hundreds of such companies and they are all set up to make the right kind of papers for students and scholars as well as for large corporate organisations.As many of these companies exist online, it is easy to find them all over the internet. Many also cater to particular areas of interest. For example, if you are interested in business history, history papers writing service will be able to find you one suitable.There are plenty of opportunities where you can meet people from those organizations and speak to them about their work and their developments. It is important to visit those institutions as this is where your prospective employer will want to meet you.A lot of schools and colleges to provide these services, and you can find the kinds of papers they provide on the int ernet as well. So if you go to a university, the service is likely to be there.In many cases, you can actually meet the people who write the papers. Such events are known as historical presentations. You can talk to students and ask them how they feel about getting a paper from such a company.You should also ask them how they would make such papers for your specific needs. They should be able to point out all the things that need to be included in the paper as well as where the necessary information can be found.If you do get such articles done, you can submit them to your chosen library. The library will need to be in the United States or Canada to be able to accept your thesis or dissertation, so make sure you look into this before submitting it. The library will offer you further services once you have received your degree, such as feedback from peers and other qualified professionals.

Formal Organizational Design And Informal Culture - 946 Words

Apply a diagnostic approach to a problem, issue, or challenge that you have experienced or observed in the workplace. Your analysis should include consideration of the formal organisational design and informal culture(s) of your chosen organisation, applying scholarly concepts theories and models from the field of Organisational Behaviour. Definition of the Issue I once worked in the HR department of an organisation in Saudi Arabia and was responsible for recruitment and training of the company’s personnel. Although we used to attract top talent, the company experienced a high rate of turnover among the recruited personnel. The company never seemed to maintain the top talent, the loss of personnel affected the image of the company, and it accrued losses related recruitment and training processes. In most cases, challenges related to high employee turnover are a result of different factors with the main contributing factor being low satisfaction among employees, which could be attributed to different elements. Low satisfaction could be predicated by poor interpersonal communication problem among employees, which lowers their levels of satisfaction. Analysis The organisational culture of the company evaluated the performance of employees based on their individual efforts with seniority being the primary factor in determining compensation for employees and their promotion. Since the culture of an organisation develops over time, the management has reinforced this culture overShow MoreRelatedAn Introduction to Organizational Behavior1638 Words   |  7 PagesAn Introduction to Organizational Behavior 1. 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The firm considers culture, organizational leadership, and change planningRead Mor eorganizational behaviour1261 Words   |  6 Pages Organizational Behavior MG6013 The exploration of the theories, research and practices that allow a better understanding of human behavior in organizations. Topics include motivation and job satisfaction; decision making; group dynamics; work teams; leadership; communication; power, politics and conflict; organization culture, structure and design; impact of technology; management of work stress; organizational change andRead MoreThe Implementation Of Adaptive Leadership Essay1129 Words   |  5 PagesChapter is intentional about three specific areas requiring action that all leaders must focus on to mobilize a system of change. Section 3 is comprised of five chapters: 1. Make Interpretations (2), Design Effective Interventions (3), Act Politically (4), Orchestrate Conflict (5) and Build an Adaptive Culture (6). MAKE INTERPRETATIONS In Chapter Eight the authors confer that there are several precepts that every organization and its leadership must adhere to and practice in order to effectively move

Aristotle and John Locke on Nature and Purpose of a...

When I think about a political community, I usually associate it with elections, politicians, and advertisements that bad mouth candidates from the different political parties. Politicians try to persuade citizens to vote for them by making promises that they may never fulfill. But a political community is more than that. A comparison of Aristotle and John Locke’s nature and purpose of a political community has given me a new insight. I learned that, even though the political community is responsible to provide security, its main purpose is aimed for the highest good of all its citizens, which is virtue and happiness. While some differences between Aristotle and John Locke’s nature and purpose of a political community are obvious, the similarities are noticeable. According to Aristotle, the nature and purpose of a political community is for the greater or highest good of all its citizens, which according to him, is virtue and happiness. The purpose of the community is to make it possible for the citizens to achieve this virtue and happiness. â€Å"It is constituted out of numerous households for the sake of satisfying the needs of its citizens other the everyday ones† (Aristotle, Politics 1252b -15). For example, if someone in the community wants their roof to be fixed, they can get it done by a carpenter from the community. Likewise, if the carpenter wants a shirt to be mended, he can get it done by a tailor from the community. In this way the community will be best servedShow MoreRelatedThe Constitution Of Government And Selections From Aristotle s Politics1009 Words   |  5 Pagesprinciples of government, which was ever written,† writers Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay sought to articulate and defend the integrity of the new Constitution, and to demonstrate the ways in which it fulfilled the requirements necessary to establish a Republican form of government. However, as seen in the opening quote, the new Constitution, while drawing from previous political science, in many ways offered new solutions to the old and constant problems inherent in a democraticRead MoreEmpiricism Is The Theory That Experience1202 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent emphases and refinements; therefore, philosophers who have been labeled empiricists are united generally and may differ in various ways. The Empiricist Revolution helped facilitate discussion on real world, political problems. 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They were misguided and foolish in their attempts to install a communistic government. This paper will argue that the rise of a true communistic government has yet to happen and it will compare the two political thinkers such John Lock and Karl Marx and their understanding of property and private property. This paper will also examine the failed attempt established by Lenin which caused the over wide fear of communism and the possible rise of a new communistic stateRead MoreAnalysis Of David Hume s Theory Of Justice2868 Words   |  12 Pagesright to take this right away? John Rawls felt that society was responsible for deciding who properly owns property, whether it s individually or communally owned. In his influential work, A Theory of Justice, Rawls conception of society is defined by justice as fairness. Essentially saying that social ins titutions must be open and fair to all, and while wealth and power may be distributed unequally, this distribution must be for the benefit of all. While John Rawls had little to say in regardsRead MoreThe Philosophical And Sociocultural Influences On Educational Theory And Practice958 Words   |  4 Pagesorganized education has been initiated and instated to serve many purposes – spiritual salvation, political socialization, moral uplift, societal stability, social mobility, mental discipline, vocational efficiency, and social reform, among others.† The changes that take place in education are a directly result of the ever growing and shifting needs of students and society. Furthermore, political demands, sociocultural differences, community expectations, parental authority, and professional difficultiesRead MorePhilosophical And Sociocultural Influences On Educational Theory And Practice954 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Historically, organized education has been ini tiated and instated to serve many purposes – spiritual salvation, political socialization, moral uplift, societal stability, social mobility, mental discipline, vocational efficiency, and social reform, among others.† The changes that result in education stem from the ever growing and shifting needs of students and society. Furthermore, political demands, sociocultural differences, community expectations, parental authority, and professional difficulties causeRead MoreWhat Have Theorists Meant by Liberty? Essay example1589 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom restriction or control, it embodies the right to act, believe or express oneself in the manner of ones own choosing. 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By doing so, these thinkers’ views on political topics such as these illuminate how they thought politics shouldRead MorePolitical Philosophy and Plato Essay9254 Words   |  38 Pagesstrongly felt today in the use of the scientific method, in which hypothesis is the first stage. The development and practice of this method is one of Socrates most enduring contributions, and is a key factor in earning his mantle as the father of political philosophy, ethics or moral philosophy, and as a figurehead of all the central themes in Western philosophy. To illustrate the use of the Socratic method; a series of questions are posed to help a person or group to determine their underlying beliefs

Drawings of Animal and Plant Cells Essay Example For Students

Drawings of Animal and Plant Cells Essay Lab Drawings of Animal and Plant Cells Instructions: 1. Set up light microscope for use. Handle with care. 2. Obtain a slide of animal cells and observe first under low-power (XX), then under medium power (OX), then finally switch to high-power (XX). 3. Make careful observations Of the Structure Of the cells. 4. Draw what you see under high power on a sheet of paper. Place your drawing in a circle measuring 10-15 Else only pencil, draw neat lines, do not shade. The title of the drawing should be beneath it, underlined, in ALL CAPS and must e fully informative. S. Repeat for a slide of plant cells. 6. For your final drawing: research a specific cell type that appears in your drawing and clearly label it with a neat line in pencil. Additionally, research the actual size of that cell and use the size of the cell in your drawing to calculate the magnification. Include the magnification at the end of the title. Making biological drawings of microscopic specimens Mark Scheme (Drawing) Clarity and Accuracy: Clear, accurate representation of specimen No shading, no unnecessary detail Clean, continuous lines of even thickness Looks like specimen at magnification Annotations/Labels: Lines drawn with ruler in pencil, not crossing Lines touching labeled Structure, no arrowheads Accurate labels and annotations Acceptable Title: Accurate description of specimen, below drawing, in caps, underlined (11 Calculate accurate magnification To work out the magnification of youre final drawing read peg. 52 in your textbook. If you do not understand do further research.

Dream and Reality in The Metamorphosis Essay Example

Dream and Reality in The Metamorphosis Essay The Samsa family around the fantastic insect is nothing else than mediocrity surrounding genius. Gregor Samsa (pronounced Zamza), the protagonist, has for his parents Flaubertian philistines. They are generally interested in the material side of life and have poor tastes in other regards. About five years back, father Samsa loses all his money, which forces son Samsa to work as a traveling salesman in cloth for one of his father’s creditors. The full responsibility of the family falls on young Samsa’s shoulders as his father would not work anymore, his little sister Grete being too young to work and his mother afflicted with asthma. Samsa also finds an apartment for the family to live in. Gregor is on the move most of the time, but does spend a few nights a day at home. It is in one such occasion that the following dreadful thing happened: â€Å"As Gregor Samsa awoke one morning from a troubled dream he found himself transformed in his bed into a monstrous insect. He was lying on his hard, as it were armor-plated, back and when he lifted his head a little he could see his dome-like brown belly divided into corrugated segments on top of which the bed quilt could hardly keep in position and was about to slide off completely. His numerous legs, which were pitifully thin compared to the rest of his bulk, flickered and shimmered helplessly before his eyes. What has happened to me, he thought. It was no dream†¦.† We will write a custom essay sample on Dream and Reality in The Metamorphosis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Dream and Reality in The Metamorphosis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Dream and Reality in The Metamorphosis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer There is a wonderful rhythmic sound to this dreamy narrative passage. Gregor is half-asleep and gradually realizes that the transformation is indeed real and no nightmare. It also occurs to him that he still retains his human memories and human cognitive capacity, which means that the transformation is incomplete (Grunbein). â€Å"Ach Gott, he thought, what an exhausting job I’ve picked on! Traveling about day in, day out. Many more anxieties on the road than in the office, the plague of worrying about train connections, the bad and irregular meals, casual acquaintances never to be seen again, never to become intimate friends. The hell with it all!† The metamorphosis, though shocking and striking, is yet grounded in reality. For example, when we go to bed everyday in new surroundings, we are expect to feel a moment of surprise on waking up – a sudden sense of unreality, and this experience must occur repeatedly over in the life of a traveling salesman. It is the sort of thing that makes any sense of continuity in life impossible, as the sense of reality depends upon continuity, upon duration. Also, awakening as a gigantic insect is similar in effect to awakening as Julius Caesar or Benjamin Franklin (Preece 23). Kafka brings about a sardonic tone to the narrative by using a broad range of literary devices. The story involves a simple analogy between a man (probably Kafka himself) and a well-meaning giant insect, where the former is trying his hardest to fulfill the expectations of his family members yet inevitably fails due to his mental seclusion. Interestingly, Kafka never actually mentions what kind of an insect is Gregor, which is one device of refusing to acknowledge any real change in him. If Gregor’s lack of acknowledgement is symbolic of Kafka’s view of himself, it then begs the question if Kafka was mentally ill to an extent (Grunbein). Another notable aspect of the novella is the syntax, which highlights the straight-forwardness of the work, while providing the right backdrop for such a powerful and disturbing action. The optimal use of words makes sure that there is not a word too many. Yet, the author’s genius does shine through this facade of impersonal, formal prose that he committed himself to. Usage of imagery is only occasionally seen. At the same time the space devoted to describing Gregor’s authoritarian and militaristic father does appear disproportionate to the rest. (Nabokov) â€Å"†¦from under the bushy eyebrows his alert black eyes flashed penetratingly; his previously disheveled white hair was combed flat, exactingly parted and gleaming.† Such a description of his father only appears after the transformation, suggesting that such men can wear their illusionary strength only when someone weak is presented to them to bully with. The author’s clever use of atmosphere accentuates the sardonic, esoteric tone. The constricted space of Gregor’s bedroom with only a window for relief is where most action takes place. As the story progresses Gregor loses his ability to even stare out through the window. Each chapter ends with the protagonist escaping from the dungeon that is his bedroom and into the living room, but only promptly to be driven back by his family. On one such venture out of his room, Gregor decides that he cannot stay in there anymore. That moment is significant in that he immediately dies. The author is implying that when an individual loses a sense of belonging and gives up on contact with others, he perishes, both literally and metaphorically. This interpretation is all the more valid since Kafka himself led the life of a loner unable to communicate with others (Preece 112). The literary elements are rendered complex by the extremely bleak style that Kafka adopts. The depictions of most characters are quite flat and don’t offer much exploration on their own. However, the character of Gregor is laid out in much detail and depth. In a way this difference in depiction is analogous to the difference in the real depths of these characters themselves. It presents Gregor as someone at a much elevated psychological understanding of himself and the world. He also comes across as someone, whose values are grounded on more enduring aspects of life (Nabokov). This fundamental difference between him and the rest of his family proves decisive and fatal and forestalls his death. There is a moving sequence in the final chapter, when the giant insect that is Gregor becomes so human that he actually develops an ear for music. In his third attempt to escape his room, he is mesmerized by his sister’s music. At this juncture, the author interludes to ask â€⠀œ â€Å"Was he a beast if music could move him so?† The question is, of course, rhetorical and the obvious answer is – â€Å"No†. He is not really a monstrous beast after all. If anything the â€Å"humans† that are his clan are more beastly than he ever was. Works Cited: Grunbein, D., Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Vermin: Metaphor and Chiasm in Kafka’s The Metamorphosis, Nabokov, V., Franz Kafka:† The Metamorphosis.† Vladimir Nabokov: Lectures on Literature, The Kafka Project, Preece, J. The Cambridge Companion to Kafka, 2002, Cambridge University Press.

Men of Athens Who Contributed to the Rise of Democracy

Men of Athens Who Contributed to the Rise of Democracy Way back when there wasnt a draft and people didnt look to the military for a paycheck, although they may have seen it as an avenue to great wealth. Ancient cultures, including Athens, expected their wealthier citizens to serve as soldiers, providing their own horses, chariots, weapons and armors, and reaping rewards, if they won, through pillaging. When ancient Athens needed more bodies for their military, they looked to ordinary citizen soldiers to augment the aristocracys cavalry. These soldiers were small farmers barely able to stave off starvation for themselves and their families. Being required to serve in the military might provide plunder, but it would provide a hardship because the able bodies would be absent when they were most needed for agriculture. Early Armies Manned By the Wealthy As long as the military strength of a country depends on cavalry, the nobles and those with sufficient wealth to provide horses have a legitimate claim to power. After all, its their lives and goods on the line. This was the case in Ancient Athens. And indeed the earliest form of constitution among the Greeks after the kingships consisted of those who were actually soldiers, the original form consisting of the cavalry for war had its strength and its pre-eminence in cavalry, since without orderly formation heavy-armed infantry is useless, and the sciences and systems dealing with tactics did not exist among the men of old times, so that their strength lay in their cavalry; but as the states grew and the wearers of heavy armor had become stronger, more persons came to have a part in the government.Aristotle Politics 1297B Need More Soldiers? Decrease the Qualifications But with the rise of the hoplite, non-equestrian army, ordinary citizens of Athens could become valued members of society. For Athens, the hoplite warrior was not the poorest of the poor. Each hoplite had to have enough wealth to provide himself the requisite body armor to fight in the phalanx. Know that this is good for the city and for the whole people, when a man takes his place in the front line of fighters and keeps his position unflinchingly, has no thought at all of shameful flight, gives himself an enduring heart and soul, stands by his neighbour and speak words of encouragement to him: this is a good man in war.Tyrtaeus Fr. 12 15-20 Rich vs Poor in Athens By becoming a part of the hoplite phalanx, an ordinary citizen of Athens was demonstrably important. Along with his military importance came a sense that he had a right to be involved in decision-making processes. [See Four Tribes and the Ancient Social Order in Athens.] War meant the small farmer / ordinary citizen had to leave his farm, which could fail and his family starve unless a conclusion to the battle in which he was fighting was reached by the time he was needed to work his field. [See Land Shortage in Athens.] In addition, some of the aristocracy (known as eupatrids) became wealthier than ever because an economy based on the exchange of commodities was replaced by coinage. The first clear sign of a new tension caused by the economy that developed between the eupatrids and the ordinary citizens was Cylons attempt to usurp power in Athens. Olympic Athlete Cylon, an Athenian nobleman or  eupatrid, was an Olympic athlete whose victory in 640 B.C. won him a kings daughter and access  to  the top position in Athens. He married the daughter of Theagenes, the  tyrant  of Megara [see  map section I e-f].  A  tyrant, in the 7th century B.C., meant something different from our modern concept of a tyrant  as a cruel and oppressive despot. A tyrant was a usurper in ancient Greece. Think coup detat. He was  a leader who had overturned an existing regime and took control of the government. Tyrants even had some measure of popular support, usually. [The concept is complicated. For a detailed look, see  Ancient Tyranny, by Sian Lewis.] Botched Coup Cylon wished to become tyrant of Athens. It is possible he had radical reforming tendencies that would have appealed to poor farmers. Even if he did not, he must have counted on their support, but it never came. Backed mainly by his father-in-law Theagenes threatening forces, Cylon attacked the Acropolis in Athens. Cylon thought he had selected an auspicious day, but his interpretation of the  Delphic Oracle  had been wrong (according to Thucydides). The Oracle had told him that he could become tyrant during the great festival of Zeus. Zeus was honored on more than one annual occasion and Cylon had made assumptions without adequate information. Cylon assumed it was the Olympic festival. Curse of the  Alcmaeonids Cylon lacked a broad base of support, perhaps because the Athenians feared he would be a puppet of his father-in-law. At any rate, his plot failed. To save their lives, some of his fellow conspirators sought sanctuary in the Temple of Athena Polias. Unfortunately for them, in 632 B.C., Megacles of the Alcmaeonids was archon. He ordered the killing of Cylons supporters. Although his supporters were killed, Cylon and his brother managed to escape. Neither they nor their descendants were ever to return to Athens. The People Get Fed Up The privileged  eupatrid  (aristocratic) few in Athens had been making all the decisions for long enough. By 621 B.C. the rest of the people of Athens were no longer willing to accept arbitrary, oral rules of the  eupatrid  thesmothetai  those who lay down the law and judges. Draco was appointed to write down the laws. Athens may have been a late-comer to the written law code since it may already have been done elsewhere in the Hellenic world. Problems Introduced by the Law Code of Draco Whether or not it was intentional, when Draco codified the laws, it brought to public attention Athens outrageous and archaic penalties. Part of the excess was Draco himself. The story goes that when asked about the harshness of his punishments, Draco said the death penalty was appropriate for stealing  even so much as a cabbage. If there had been a worse penalty than death, Draco would gladly have applied it to greater crimes. As a result of Dracos strict, unforgiving code, the adjective based on the name Draco draconian refers to penalties considered excessively severe. And Draco himself, they say, being asked why he made death the penalty for most offences, replied that in his opinion the lesser ones deserved it, and for the greater ones no heavier penalty could be found.Plutarch Life of Solon Slavery For Debt Through the laws of Draco, those in debt could be made slaves but only if they were members of the lower class. This means members of a  genos  (the  gennetai) could not be sold as slaves, yet their hangers-on (orgeones) could. Homicide Another result of the codification of laws by Draco and the only part that remained part of the legal code was the introduction of the concept of intention to murder. Murder could be manslaughter (either justifiable or accidental) or intentional homicide. With the new law code, Athens, as a city-state, would intervene in what were formerly family matters of blood-feuds. Greek Terms AlcmaeonidsThe Alcmaeonids were a powerful family of Athens descended from Alcmaeon, son of Nestor. Megacles, son of Alcmaeon, was the archon responsible for killing the followers of Cylon. Cleisthenes, son of Megacles, was archon in 525. Pericles and Alcibiades were other noteworthy Alcmaeonids. ArchonThe word archon is applied to certain officials who were in the time  appointed by lot and held office for a limited period of time in ancient Athens. One of these archons is referred to as the eponymous archon because the period of his archonship was referred to by his name. This is important for dating events in  Greek history.More on Archons AthensAthens is named  after  its  patron goddess Athena.  On top of its highpoint, known as the acropolis,  were  Athens important temples, especially, the Parthenon. Since the acropolis was easily made defensible with walls, cities, including Athens, formed around them, citizens gathering within in times of attack. Northwest o f the acropolis was the Areopagus where homicide cases were tried. The assembly met on the  Pnyx hill. The center of Athens was the agora, an open public  place, and market. EupatridsThe well-born or aristocracy of Athens. The /eu/ means good or well and the patrid refers to the father as in  patriarchy, so the well-born are well-fathered. HopliteThe Hoplites were the heavily armed infantry soldiers of the Greeks. It is thought by many that the name hoplite comes from a Greek word hoplon for a specific shape (large and round) of the shield  with a flat offset rim (itus) and two handles on the inside possibly invented by 700 B.C.More on Hoplites PolisIn the ancient world, from before the time of empires and modern-style countries or nations, political entities were cities and the environs. These cities constituted the states, making them city-states. The Greek form was the polis. ThesmothetaiThe 6 archons of Athens known as the  thesmothetai  were the layers down of the law.

What roles do international organisations play in global politics Essay

What roles do international organisations play in global politics - Essay Example Governments, especially of the less developed countries, are heavily dependent on large organisations as they provide job opportunities to local people. MNCs bring with them large investments which is considered important in the economic growth of a country. This makes the role of international organisations important with regards to global politics. In this paper we will attempt to highlight the role of international organisations on global politics. Evolution of international organisations will also be discussed briefly. Rapid industrialisation was witnessed in the 18th and19th century as firms started mass production of goods. International trade also increased slowly and firms began to expand into different countries. This facilitated growth of private enterprises as companies started to engage in production of goods and services. This is the time when seeds of international organisations were sown and organisations started to accumulate wealth and power. Agriculture output in Europe increased in the 17th century which facilitated a population growth. This growth in population meant facilitated industrialisation as people started to seek other professions. Also the living standards of the population started to increase greatly in the 17th century which played an important role in fuelling worldwide industrialisation (Lucas, 2002). When standards of living were higher technological progress was made which again facilitated the process of industrialisation. Firms began to use advance technology to manufacture products. Mass production became possible which again strengthened private firms and helped them to grow even more. Another important development was that road system was improved and railway system was overhauled, and this helped different firms reach a wider target market (Meier & Rauch, 2000). In the 19the century experts started to advocate capitalism which they thought was responsible for the progress of the world. The doctrine of

Financial Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Financial Management - Essay Example The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of globalization on poverty in India. The paper is divided into two parts. The first part, which is assorted of backdrop, provides some theoretical insights into the rationale of economic reform. The second part examines the impact of the reforms in reducing poverty in India. Indeed, the issues of reduction of poverty and inequalities, economic, social and regional, had been the prime concern during the struggle for independence and were used to give effect for social mobilization as well. They also found a prominent place in the five-year plan documents of the country. Any regime, be it market mediate, or state o socially mediated has to be judged in terms of its impact on poverty and inequalities. Indeed, people are the means as well as the end of development. This paper explores that economic reforms that seek to usher in globalization are not directly addressed to poverty. The acknowledged logic of globalization as rationalized by IMF and World Bank is expressed in the two concepts, stabilization and structural adjustment. Related to that is a rule-based operation of free trade and â€Å"trade-related† services, globally promoted and administered by WTO through a series of multi-lateral agreements. Two IMF theoreticians have defined stabilization program as a package of policies designed to eliminate disequilibria between aggregate demand and supply in the economy, which typically manifests itself in balance of payment deficits and rising prices.

Compensation Management Essay Example for Free

Compensation Management Essay Compensation does not refer, however, to other kinds of eployee rewards such as recognition ceremonies and achievement parties. The ultimate objectives of compensation administration are: efficient maintenance of a productive  workforce,  equitable pay, and compliance with federal, state, and local regulations based on what companies can afford. The basic concept of compensation administration—compensation management—is rather simple: employees perform tasks for employers and so companies pay employees wages for the jobs they do. Consequently, compensation is an exchange or a transaction, from which both parties—employers and employees—benefit: both parties receive something for giving something. Compensation, however, involves much more than this simple transaction. From the employers perspective, compensation is an issue of both affordability and  employee motivation. Companies must consider what they can reasonably afford to pay their employees and the ramifications of their decisions: will they affect  employee turnover  and productivity? In addition, some employers and managers believe pay can influence employee work ethic and behaviour and hence link compensation to performance. Moreover social, economic, legal, and political forces also exert influence on compensation management, making it a complicated yet important part of managing a business. Compensation and Reward system plays vital role in a business organization. Since, among four Ms, i. e Men, Material, Machine and Money, Men has been most important factor, it is impossible to imagine a business process without Men. Advantages of Fair Compensation System: Therefore a fair compensation system is a must for every business organization. The fair compensation system will help in the following: 1. If an ideal compensation system is designed, it will have positive impact on the efficiency and results produced by workmen. 2. Such system will encourage the normal worker to perform better and achieve the standards fixed. 3. This system will encourage the process of job evaluation. It will also help in setting up an ideal job evaluation, which will have transparency, and the standards fixing would be more realistic and achievable. . Such a system would be well defined and uniform. It will be apply to all the levels of the organization as a general system. 5. The system would be simple and flexible so that every worker/recipient would be able to compute his own compensation receivable. 6. Such system would be easy to implement, so that it would not penalize the workers for the reasons beyond their control and would not result in exploitation of workers. 7. It will raise the morale, efficiency and cooperation among the workers. It, being just and fair would provide satisfaction to the workers. 8. Such system would help management in complying with the various labor acts. 9. Such system would also bring about amicable settlement of disputes between the workmen union and management. 10. The system would embody itself the principle of equal work equal wages. Encouragement for those who perform better and opportunities for those who wish to excel. Need for designing of compensation Policy: After going through the role and essentials of a sound compensation system, it becomes imperative that every business organization should be set up for itself a proper Compensation Policy. The Management of the organization must have well-designed Compensation Policy. The policy calls for deciding the criteria for promotions, up-gradations etc. It would also be necessary to fix up the standard expectations from each and every workmen/employee. The policy should determine the norms to be followed for Performance Appraisal or Job Evaluation. It should also chalk out the need for training, provisions for fringe benefits, welfare schemes etc. It must prescribe the manner in which such benefits would be extended and levels within the organization to which such benefits are extendable. The incentive schemes and its details, Pay package structure, Tax implications etc. are matters of concern while designing the compensation Policy. Importance of Compensation System: Money makes the mare go is the proverb. It holds good for all the factors participating in the business process expects its fair share of prosperity of the business. Compensation/ Reward System play a vital role in the business organization. And its importance can be very well ascertained as follows: 1. Sound Compensation/Reward System brings amicability and peace in the relationship of employer and employees. . The system brings out the best out of every employee in the organization. It aims at creating a healthy competition among them. And as such, encourages them to work hard and efficiently. 3. The system provides adequate opportunities to those who wish to perform better. The system provides growth and advancement opportunities to the deserving employees. 4. The system upholds the principle of equal wages. It provides transparency and parity too. 5. The perfect Compensation system provides platform for happy and satisfied workforce, this minimizes the labour turnover. The organization enjoys the stability. 6. The organization is able to retain the best talent by providing them adequate compensation thereby stopping them from switching over to another job. 7. The business organization can think of expansion and growth if it has the support of skillful, talented and happy workforce. 8. The sound Compensation system is hallmark of Organization’s success and prosperity. The success and stability of organization is measured with pay-package it provides to its employees. 9. Both employer and employees get benefited because of the sound Compensation System. 0. A sound Compensation System helps the organization keep pace with changing environment. It helps the organization to cope up with the wage levels in neighboring industries. 11. Sound Compensation System minimizes the complaints from the employees, provides them the congenial work environment to perform better and sets up for them the targets to be achieved. Definite targets help employees kn ow their role in the organization, which minimize wastage, and enhance overall efficiency. It also helps organization to reduce the cost of production and maximize profits The Compensation System Time RatePiece rate BonusProfit sharingIndirect Monetary Incentive Time Rate System: This system is divided into three categories. Time Rates Ordinary level High Wage LevelGraduated Time Rates Ordinary Level: It is calculated on time (daily, monthly, weekly etc. )The formula for calculation of salary is Rate per hour X Hours worked = Earnings (RPH X HW=E). High Wage Level: It is calculated on hourly basis put over time is not paid. The formula for calculation of salary is RPH X HW = E Graduate System: Payment: the basic is linked with dearness cost of living. The index of cost of living is varying and that is considered for calculating the remuneration. Formula: Basic Salary is Rs. 2,000/- and Cost of living Index (D. A) is 100% then, Rs 2000+100% of Rs 2000 as cost of living is added, thus total remuneration is Rs. 4000/-. It is after 6 months, cost of living index change 150%. Then basic salary + 150 % of basic salary si. e Rs 3,000/- will make it Rs, 5000. Piece Rate/ Payment Rate (Payment by Results) System of Piece Rate (Payment by Results) Straight Piece RatePiece ;amp; Time Combination Differential Piece Rate Taylor System Merrick System Gantt Task System Straight Piece Rate: Payment: Flat rate is applicable per unit, which is predetermined. The time spent is not considered. Formula: PPR X O = Earnings. Piece Rate and Time Rate Combinations: Payment: It is a dual rate system, designed to perfect inefficient workers. The worker is ensured to get the minimum payment. If the payment is calculated on the basis of piece rate guarantees and number of pieces fall below the minimum wages guaranteed, he is paid by time Rate. Differential Piece rate: Payment: In favour of piece rate system, minimum wages were assured. However, under this system, instead of combining time-rate and piece-rate, there are dual rates for different efficiency level. The purpose behind keeping high piece rate for higher efficiency is as the level of production increases, the cost per unit falls. Bonus: Bonus is given by the company to their employees as a reward. It is been fixed by the government i. e 8. 33%. Bonus encourages the employees to work hard. It is a motivating factor for the employees to improve their efficiency. Profit Sharing: Profit Sharing is the most motivating factor. When the company makes profit it gives some kind of share to their employees as an Annual increment. This helps to motive employees to work hard and get more increment. Indirect Monetary Incentive: Indirect Monetary Incentives like traveling allowance, HRA, Dearness allowance, medical facility etc. are very motivating for the employees. Elements or ingredients of a good wage plan: Before we discuss these two plans, it would be fruitful to know the ingredients of a good wage plan. These are:- 1. It should be easily understandable i. e all the employees should easily understand what they are to get for their work. They should be instructed in how the wage plan works. 2. It should be capable of easy computation i. e. it should be sufficiently simple to permit quick calculation. Mathematical tables may be supplied, by reference to which calculations can be quickly made. 3. It should be capable of effectively motivating the employees, i. e it should provide an incentive for work. If both the quality and quantity of work are to be stressed at the same time, a plan should be selected that will not unduly influence the worker to work too fast or to become careless about quality. . It should provide for remuneration to employees as soon as possible after the effort has been made. Daily or weekly payment of wage would be preferable to induce employees to work. 5. It should be relatively stable rather than frequently varying so that employees are assured of a stable amount of money. Reasons or factors affecting wage differentials: Wages differ in different employments or occupations, industries and loc alities, and also between persons in the same employment or grade. One therefore comes across such terms as occupational wage differentials. Wage differentials have been classified into three categories: First, the differentials that can be attributed to imperfections in the employment markets, such as the limited knowledge of workers in regard to alternative job opportunities available elsewhere, obstacles to geographical, occupational or inter-firm mobility of workers, or time lags in the adjustments of resource distribution and changes in the scope and structure of economic activities. Examples of such wage differentials are inter-industry; inter firm and geographical or inter-area wage differentials. Second, the wage differentials which originate in social values and prejudices and which are deeper and more persistent than economic factors. Wage differentials by sex, age, status or ethnic origin belong to this category. Third, occupational wage differentials, which would exist even if employment markets were perfect and social prejudices, were absent. Wage differential arises because of the following factors:- a. Difference in the efficiency of the labour, which may be due to inborn quality, education and conditions under which work may be done. . The existence of non-competing group due to difficulties in the way of the mobility of labour from low paid to high paid employments. c. Difference in the agreeableness or social esteem of employment. d. Differences in the nature of employment and occupations. Norms for Fixation of Wages in Industry: 1. While computing the minimum wages, the standard working class family should be considered as consisting of four consumption units and t he earnings of women, children and adolescents should be excluded. . The minimum food requirements should be determined on the grounds of a net intake of 2700 calories as laid down by Akroyd for a normal adult in India. 3. Clothing needs should be established on the basis of a per capita consumption of 16. 62 meters per year. 4. As regards housing, the minimum wages should be determined from the standpoint of the rent corresponding to the minimum area specified under the government Industrial Housing Scheme. 5. Miscellaneous expenditure on items such fuel, lighting etc. hould from 20 per cent of the total minimum wage. The resolution further prescribes that the authorities involved in the issue should justify any deviation from these norms. Retirement benefits related enactments in India: Employees’ Provident Fund Act The Act was passed with a view to making some provision for the future of the industrial worker after his retirement or for his dependents in case of his early death and inculcating the habit of saving among the workers. The object of the Act is to provide substantial security and timely monetary assistance to industrial employees and their families when they are in distress and or unable to meet family and social obligations and to protect them in old age, disablement, early death of the bread winner and in some other contingencies. The act provides for a scheme for the institution of Provident Fund for specified classes of employees. Accordingly, the Employees’ Provident Funds Scheme was framed under Section 5 of the Act, which came into force on 1st November, 1952. Main features of the Act The Act is applicable to factorize and other establishments engaged in specified industries classes of establishment, which have completed three years of their existence and employing 20 or more persons. The Act, however, does not apply to co-operative societies employing less than 50 persons and working without the aid of power. An establishment, which is not otherwise coverable under the Act, can be covered voluntarily with the mutual consent of the employer and the majority of the employees. Employees drawing a pay not exceeding Rs. 5000 per month (And now it is amended to Rs. 6500/- ecently) are eligible for membership of the fund. Every employee employed in or in connection with the fund from the date of joining the factory or establishment. The normal rate of contribution to the provident fund by the employees and the employers as prescribed in the Act is 10 percent of the pay of the employees. The term â€Å"wages† includes basic wage. Dearness allowance including cash value of food concession and retaining allowance, if any. Employees’ State Insurance Scheme The Employees’ State Insurance Scheme Act, 1948 is a pioneering measure in the field of social insurance in our country. This act came into force from 19th April, 1948. The Scheme under the Act aims at providing for certain cash benefits to employees in the case of sickness, maternity, employment injury and medical facilities in kind, and to make provisions for certain other matters in relations thereto. The term â€Å"employee† has wide connotation and would include within its scope functions of clerical, manual, technical and supervisory. Persons whose remuneration (excluding remuneration for overtime work) does not exceed Rs. 6500 a month are covered under the Act. The Act does not make any distinction between causal or temporary employees or between technical or non-technical employees. Employees employed directly by the principal employer and those employed by or through contractor. However, the definition of â€Å"employee† does not include any member of the Indian naval, military or air force. Compensation Structure and its components: One of the most vital factors the motivation, retention and the morale amongst the employees is the compensation system, policies and review philosophies of any organization. While the bargain able employees generally have their unions to negotiate or review terms with the Management-which are governed by the Long Term Settlements- the terms of the managerial employees are mostly seen to be at the mercy or the goodwill of the organization, reviews of which may or may not be regular or timely, or often do not seem to meet the expectations or logic of such employees. Management Compensation therefore, now plays a very significant part along with the working style and environment, empowerment etc. in the organization’s success strategy. While individual organizations may have differences in their methodologies based on factors best suited their perceived needs, some general directions are evident, and are discussed below. 1. Salary, Basic Salary or Consolidated Salary continues to remain as the major component of compensation, though Salary Scales are often discarded these days, or used only as guides. Individual Salary is generally decided initially using the Scale, but thereafter performance, contribution to targets or results generated determine the revisions periodically, which may vary widely from individual to individual. Salary broad handling is therefore, getting recognition and acceptance. 2. Grade wise flat Allowance is being considered generally, except where tax exemption benefits are still available, when they continue as separate components. Allowances may be linked to the Salary as a percentage or by slabs, but preference is for flat amounts, which do not increase automatically, and therefore increase could be discretionary, and therefore controllable. 3. Reimbursements of expenses incurred on Company work has become limited, and in line to conform to the tax laws. Being actual in most cases, they are not considered as a part of the compensation, unless it is provided towards personal benefits. 4. Annual payments: Bonus or Commission, and Leave travel are common features some tax reliefs apply for the latter. 5. Benefits generally comprise of mostly unfurnished company owned or leased accommodation, use of company or leased vehicles, medical coverage, retrial benefits covering Provident Fund, Pension or Superannuation and Gratuity, post-retrial medical assistance, easy loan schemes at low or zero interest rates for house building, cars or vehicles, furniture or utility items etc. enting employees owned housing, club entrance free reimbursement etc. Minor benefits could be provision of security, driver or gardening assistance, else of products or assets at a concessional rate, relocation and transfer expenses including admission etc. fees for children, credit card fees, phones etc. 6. Employee stock option schemes which has been popular in IT in dustry-,is not extensively used yet, not being tax advantageous to other industries, nor seen as being very attractive with lesser growth trends for their share values especially in the well-established older companies. 7. Most companies, as against earlier visible costs, use the â€Å"Total cost to the Company† concept as basis. Cost of the most benefits are averaged or computed on actual basis, and within the system of the overall cost, but with greater compliance to tax laws, this basket concept is on the wane. 8. Retiral benefits: Some in recognition of the past contribution of pensioners, and to partly offset the inflation post retirement practices periodic improvement in pensions, or a guaranteed grade minimum pension. 9. Performance Bonus that does not increase future liability is being given more as recognition of results generated. It requires transparent, balanced and fair systems and benchmarks, and also agrees targets by the managers in advance during planning and review discussions. 10. From the earlier grade oriented compensation system within reasonable boundaries, compensation often has to be somewhat tailor made for specialist or key contributors to retain them in the very volatile job market. 11. Compensation review periods have become annual generally and sometimes oftener, as compared to every three to five years earlier, in the fast changing market situation. Conclusion To summarize, the need to regularly carry out detailed compensation reviews both within and out of the organisation with full support and commitment from the top is essential. Openness and transparency are important to the managers in the very sensitive and personal issues of management i. e. remuneration, and therefore policies and practices should match. The remuneration and the system have to be fair and dynamic Dealing with human feelings still remains a competitively attractive feature.

Circus-circus Summary :: essays research papers

Circus-Circus was an unprofitable business and a small time casino when William Bennett and William Pennington purchased it in 1974 for $50,000. With a new marketing program in place and a stock offering in October of 1983, the company was rejuvenated. What it has become is a hotel/casino that is targeted mainly towards middle income gamblers as well as family oriented vacationers, but has not strayed away from the high rollers that are found in most casinos. With the focus being on many market segments, along with it's amusement park type atmosphere, this company can be categorized as a broad differentiator. Most recently, to go along with their amusement park atmosphere, Circus-Circus has broke ground into developing an aquatic environment that has beaches, snorkeling reef, and a swim-up shark exhibit. 2. ww 1. Financial Ratio Analysis 1997  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1996  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1995 A. Current Ratio 151,849/129,768 124,380/95,532  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   110,923/82,000   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   1.17 times 1.3 times 1.35 times B. Total Debt to 1,694,739/ 968,161/ 826,424/ Total Assets 2,729,111  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   2,213,503 1,512,548   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   62%  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  43%  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  55% C. Asset Turnover 1,170,182/  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   1,299,596/  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   1,334,250/ 2,729,111  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   2,213,503  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   1,512,548   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   43%  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   59%  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   88%   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The results for current ratio are favorable. It states that Circus-Circus can pay off their short run debt with money to spare. Total debt to total asset is also favorable showing that they do not borrow much money that is listed as an asset. Asset turnover, however, is unfavorable. It was not as bad in 1995, but they are only making back about half of what they are spending. This is most likely due to the new aquatic addition they are putting adding. 4.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Circus-Circus' stock has been in somewhat of a slump since mid-March when the stock was at 26, but in June of 1998, had plummeted to 16. One of the main reasons for the drop is the rumor that Hilton Hotels has planned a takeover of the business.

Is the Search for Extraterrestrial Life Doomed to Fail? Essay

The search for extraterrestrial life is not doomed to fail. Ancient Egyptians, Chinese, Babylonians, Indians, and Sumerians had all believed in the existence of extraterrestrial life, even if they were principally focused on angels and demons in their belief. The Jewish Talmud stated that there are at least eighteen thousand other worlds. Hindu belief also revolved around multiple worlds in contact with each other. The Muslims’ Qur’an says, â€Å"All praise belongs to God, Lord of all the worlds† besides mentioning angels and jinns (â€Å"Extraterrestrial Life†). Thus scientists have enough support from historical and religious traditions of humanity to keep on searching for extraterrestrial life. This search may go on until humanity takes a quantum leap, or hits the point of a breakthrough in its endeavor. After all, most of the scientific discoveries and leaps did not occur without persistent efforts and firm faith in the fact that we will eventually make it through. Besides, scientists are some of the most persistent and confident humans on earth today, who know that they will make it through. James F. Kasting wrote, â€Å"Habitable planets are likely to exist around stars not too different from the Sun if current theories about terrestrial climate evolution are correct. Some of these planets may have evolved life, and some of the inhabited planets may have evolved O2-rich atmospheres† (291). We are assuming that other species on other planets in our universe may be living in conditions very similar to ours. In other words, in human understanding extraterrestrial life must involve the use of water, sunlight, air, etc. However, if we believe in angels and jinns of the historical and religious traditions, we are instinctively aware that these species do not rely on the kinds of terrestrial conditions that we rely on. Hence, we might have to change our focus IS THE SEARCH FOR EXTRATERRESTRIAL LIFE DOOMED TO FAIL? Page # 2 on terrestrial conditions in order to find proof of extraterrestrial life. We might discover, for example, that different uses of lenses to bend light or to employ it in a different way – would allow us to see angels. Our world has talked enough about Unidentified Flying Objects or UFO’s. Despite the photographs and eye witnesses of UFO’s, most people in the scientific community refuse to believe in UFO’s and also urge the public toward disbelief, because the majority of scientists searching for extraterrestrial life have not thus far had the opportunity to capture and dissect aliens coming out of the UFO’s. And yet, there is talk about alien capture from Area 51 in California. There are countless reports, in fact, about the existence of UFO’s. If all scientists were to believe in the phenomena of UFO’s at this point, one of the requirements to substantiate their belief would be a certain level of control over the extraterrestrial life. Seeing that scientists have not thus far managed to exercise control over UFO’s and aliens, the way they have control over their spaceships, most of them claim that UFO’s and aliens may be a falsehood. Once again, this is only because aliens and UFO’s have not subjected themselves to human scrutiny the way human beings give in to human biology experiments. NASA’s Chief Historian, Steven J. Dick has written that one of the most important tasks of NASA undertaken since the beginning of the Space Age has been the search for life beyond earth. As a matter of fact, in the year 1962 the Space Science Board of the National Academy of Sciences had declared that NASA’s nascent space biology efforts had the search for extraterrestrial life as the prime goal. Moreover, writes Dick, NASA believes that â€Å"Without organic molecules, the building blocks of life, life cannot exist. † To put it another way, the most IS THE SEARCH FOR EXTRATERRESTRIAL LIFE DOOMED TO FAIL? Page # 3 important scientific venture to search for extraterrestrial life does not even consider the possibility of extraterrestrial life being anything dissimilar to life on earth. In scientists’ view, extraterrestrial life must be based on conditions that are very similar to those for life on earth. As an example of its scientific victory in the search for extraterrestrial life, NASA believes that it has found evidence of water flowing on Mars. Alex Stone writes that the presence of water greatly increases the likelihood that living organisms once thrived on the planet, and perhaps still inhabit Mars today. And so, Stone states: Pictures taken by the camera on NASA’s Mars Global Surveyor suggest that rivulets of liquid water were flowing on the Red Planet within the past few years and may still be flowing today, welling up from beneath the Martian surface and streaming down gullies along the sloping walls of impact craters. †¦. But is the liquid flowing down these gullies really water? Probably, say experts at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, but more evidence is needed to seal the case. â€Å"You can never be certain from orbit,† says Ken Edgett, a member of the research team that made the discovery. â€Å"But this is the best evidence yet of liquid water being present on Mars right now† (20). If we are only searching for extraterrestrial life that resembles what we have on earth, it may or may not take a long time to find extraterrestrial life. The search would not be futile still, for we will gather much evidence about other aspects of our universe in the process. All the same, IS THE SEARCH FOR EXTRATERRESTRIAL LIFE DOOMED TO FAIL? Page # 4 according to historical and religious traditions of humanity, angels are made of light and jinns are made of fire. It would perhaps be best for scientists to try finding life that is based on light and fire to boot. In other words, scientists have to consider the possibility that extraterrestrial life may be based on an infinite number of elements. Water, air, and sunlight may not be necessary to support other forms of life. Seeing that we have not by now discovered everything we possibly can about our universe, we also must assume that we have failed to consider the possibilities of other elements making up extraterrestrial life. Hence, scientists must be more open to exploration than before, taking into account both the historical and religious traditions of extraterrestrial life, in order for their knowledge base to be complete. After all, they still debate about the origins of life on earth – about God versus Darwin. In both of these belief systems, our understanding of life is incomplete. Neither God nor evolution has explained to human minds everything to know about the universe. Therefore, assumptions are necessary. Moreover, it is crucial for scientists to open themselves up to alternate theories of life. They may decide to start by trying to see angels of light and jinns of fire simply because these beings are referred to in the historical and religious traditions of humanity. Eventually, we are bound to find extraterrestrial life, even if it means that our earth may be destroyed by an asteroid before scientists can capture on a massive scale images of angels and jinns. In that case, we all might go through the experiences of those who have been near death, that is, there would appear an angel of light to each one of us and tell us what we needed to know. IS THE SEARCH FOR EXTRATERRESTRIAL LIFE DOOMED TO FAIL? Page # 5 Works Cited 1. Dick, Steven J. â€Å"The Search for Life. † NASA (2005, June 26). Retrieved from http://www. nasa. gov/mission_pages/exploration/whyweexplore/index. html. (28 February 2007). 2. â€Å"Extraterrestrial Life. † Wikipedia (2007). Retrieved from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Extraterrestrial_life. (28 February 2007). 3. Kasting, James F. â€Å"Habitable Zones Around Low Mass Stars and The Search for Extraterrestrial Life. † Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres, Volume 27, Numbers 1-3 (1997, June), pp. 291-307. 4. Stone, Alex. â€Å"Like Water For Mars. † Discover (2007, February), pp. 20.

The Indian Civil Rights Act - 1577 Words

In 1968, Congress passed the Indian Bill of Rights, otherwise known as the Indian Civil Rights Act, in order to apply restrictions and protection under the United States Constitution to Native American governments. This act induced similar Civil Rights and independence to the specified reservation citizens as those who the Federal Constitution guarantees under the State and Federal jurisdiction. (American Indian Rights Handbook 11). Many controversies arose among the Native Americans due to the popular belief that this act endangered the traditional way of Native American life. Moreover, they believed Congress could not apply these standards for the Native American government to achieve without supplying the adequate amount of money. On†¦show more content†¦Another occurrence was the Sand Creek Massacre, which happened on November 29, 1864, resulted in the death of seventy to a hundred and sixty three Native Americans. This massacre occurred due to the discovery of gold in t he Rocky Mountains of Colorado. However, the most intense and symbolic conflict among Native Americans and white settlers is the Wounded Knee Massacre on December 29, 1890. Leading up to this massacre at the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, the United States became concerned about the influence of the Ghost Dance spiritual movement. The movement led the Indians to believe the reason they were confined to reservations was because they had angered the gods from abiding to the white man’s law rather than follow their traditional customs (Brown 398). The authorities attempted to arrest the famous Sioux chief, Sitting Bull, due to the suspicion he would join in the Ghost Dance Movement. Sitting Bull was killed by the Indian agency police, stirring conflicts. Thus, on December 29, 1890, the United States Army Seventh Cavalry encircled the Lakota Sioux under the command of Chief Big Foot, demanding them to relinquish their weapons. Black Coyote who, according to Dee Brown, â€Å"was a crazy man, a young man of very bad influence and in fact a nobody† fired his gun and the United States soldiers retaliated and returned fire. The massacre had an estimated death of of â€Å"nearly three hundred of the original 350 men, women, and children† (Brown 444). A NativeShow MoreRelatedMovers And Board Of Education Of Topeka, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Essay935 Words   |  4 Pages The Civil Rights Act, the Meriam Report, Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, and One Laptop per Child are four of the movers and shakers in education I will attempt to write about. When you hear the word of the event: â€Å"Civil Rights Act†, one may think of freedom, equality for all, and unity. Because of great leaders such as Martin Luther King Jr., and also other leaders who fought for African Americans to be treated equally, the Civil Rights Act was established. 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